Does Passive Income Affect Social Security Benefits? - Winkler Kurtz LLP (2024)

Social Security benefits are a crucial source of financial support for retirees in the United States. Many individuals work hard throughout their lives, contributing to the Social Security system and expecting to receive financial assistance during their retirement years. However, the interaction between passive income and Social Security benefits can be complex and raise important legal considerations.

Understanding Social Security Benefits

Social Security benefits are designed to provide financial security to individuals who have reached retirement age or are disabled and unable to work. The benefits a person receives are determined by their work history, specifically their earnings over the years on which they paid Social Security taxes.

The Social Security Administration (SSA) calculates a person’s benefit amount based on their Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME) and their Primary Insurance Amount (PIA). These calculations are integral to understanding how passive income might impact Social Security benefits.

The Impact of Passive IncomeDoes Passive Income Affect Social Security Benefits? - Winkler Kurtz LLP (1)

Passive income typically includes earnings from investments such as rental properties, dividends, interest, and capital gains. Unlike earned income from employment, passive income is not subject to Social Security payroll taxes.

As a result, passive income does not directly affect the AIME or PIA calculations used to determine Social Security benefits. This means that individuals can earn passive income without a direct reduction in their Social Security benefits.

However, the situation becomes more nuanced when you consider that Social Security benefits may be subject to income taxes, depending on your overall income. Suppose your passive income, along with other sources of income such as pensions, retirement account distributions, and part-time employment, pushes your total income above certain thresholds.

In that case, you may owe taxes on some of your Social Security benefits. This is not a direct reduction in the benefit amount but rather a taxation of the benefits.

Legal Considerations

  1. Taxation Rules: The legal aspect to consider is the taxation of Social Security benefits. The thresholds at which benefits become taxable are $25,000 for individuals and $32,000 for married couples filing jointly. If your income surpasses these thresholds, you may have to include some Social Security benefits in your taxable income. Understanding the tax implications of your passive income is crucial to managing your overall financial situation.
  2. Reporting Requirements: The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) requires individuals to report their passive income, including rental and investment earnings. Failure to accurately report this income can result in legal consequences, including penalties and fines. It’s essential to keep meticulous records of your passive income sources and consult a tax professional to ensure compliance with tax laws.
  3. Eligibility for Other Programs: In some cases, passive income may affect eligibility for other government assistance programs, such as Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Medicaid. These programs have income and asset limits that individuals must meet to qualify. Passive income, if substantial, could potentially impact eligibility for these programs.

Winkler Kurtz – Long Island Attorney

Passive income does not directly affect Social Security benefits from a legal perspective. However, it can have indirect implications through income taxation and potential impacts on eligibility for other government programs.

To navigate the complex relationship between passive income and Social Security benefits, individuals should consult financial advisors and tax professionals who can provide guidance tailored to their circ*mstances. Ensuring compliance with tax laws and making informed financial decisions are essential to protect your financial well-being during retirement.

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Does Passive Income Affect Social Security Benefits? - Winkler Kurtz LLP (2024)

FAQs

Does passive income count against your Social Security benefits? ›

Winkler Kurtz – Long Island Attorney

Passive income does not directly affect Social Security benefits from a legal perspective.

How much money can I earn without affecting my Social Security? ›

If you're younger than full retirement age, there is a limit to how much you can earn and still receive full Social Security benefits. If you're younger than full retirement age during all of 2024, we must deduct $1 from your benefits for each $2 you earn above $22,320.

What type of income affects Social Security benefits? ›

When we figure out how much to deduct from your benefits, we count only the wages you make from your job or your net profit if you're self-employed. We include bonuses, commissions, and vacation pay.

Does rental income count against Social Security? ›

Rental income you receive from real estate does not count for Social Security purposes unless: You receive rental income in the course of your trade or business as a real estate dealer (see §§1214-1215);

Does passive income count as income? ›

Generally speaking, passive income is taxed the same as active income. However, the exact tax treatment will depend on the exact source of your passive income and your financial situation as a whole. Let's take a look at three examples. Rental properties: Rental income is taxed the same way as regular income.

Is passive income considered earned income? ›

Key Points. Earned income is the money you make in salary, wages, commissions, or tips. Investment income is money you make by selling something for more than you paid for it. Passive income is money you make from something you own, without selling it.

Can you own a business and still collect Social Security retirement? ›

If you are at full retirement age or older, you can get all your Social Security benefits whether you retire from your business or not.

What is the Social Security 5 year rule? ›

The Social Security five-year rule is the time period in which you can file for an expedited reinstatement after your Social Security disability benefits have been terminated completely due to work.

At what age is Social Security no longer taxed? ›

Social Security income can be taxable no matter how old you are. It all depends on whether your total combined income exceeds a certain level set for your filing status. You may have heard that Social Security income is not taxed after age 70; this is false.

What would cause my Social Security benefits to decrease? ›

We'll have to reduce your benefits, however, if your earnings exceed certain limits for the months before you reach your full retirement age. If you work, but start receiving benefits before full retirement age, we deduct $1 in benefits for every $2 in earnings you have above the annual limit.

Does rental income count as earned income? ›

Rental income is typically considered to be unearned income by the IRS. Unlike earned income, which primarily includes wages, salaries, or business income from active participation, unearned income typically includes sources such as interest, dividends, and rental income from real estate.

Does selling a house count as income for Social Security? ›

Income limitations: Selling your home does not directly impact your eligibility for Social Security benefits. However, if you earn income from the sale, it could potentially affect the taxation of your benefits or eligibility for certain assistance programs.

Does unearned income affect Social Security benefits? ›

Unearned income we do not count. (a) General. While we must know the source and amount of all of your unearned income for SSI, we do not count all of it to determine your eligibility and benefit amount. We first exclude income as authorized by other Federal laws (see paragraph (b) of this section).

How is passive income taxed? ›

Typically, passive income is subject to a taxpayer's usual marginal tax rate, which is based on their tax bracket. But taxpayers whose modified adjusted gross income is above a certain threshold may also be subject to the Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT).

Does Airbnb income affect Social Security benefits? ›

Social Security implications for retiree Airbnb hosts

Social Security doesn't include passive income to determine benefits. However, if you are personally performing upkeep on your property, your income is classified as self-employment.

Does self-employment income reduce Social Security benefits? ›

However, self-employed workers pay the full 12.4% tax rate where those employed by others pay only 6.2%. If you work for yourself, deductions you claim on Schedule C can lower your taxable income. That can decrease your Social Security taxes in the present but potentially lower your Social Security benefits later.

Can you retire with passive income? ›

The Impact of Passive Income on Retirement

Passive income, which includes earnings from sources such as investments, rental income and royalties, can significantly enhance your retirement fund. The more diversified your investments are the better your portfolio can help you achieve your long-term financial goals.

What types of income do not count under the earnings test? ›

For the earnings limit, the SSA does not count income from other government benefits, investment earnings, interest, annuities and capital gains.

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